China’s rise has become a matter of concern throughout Asia and led to changes in the strategic postures of its neighbours. Japan has begun to rethink its own defence strategy and security policy in response to China’s military modernization and is working on multiple options such as deepening its alliance relationship with the US, aligning with other democracies such as India and Australia by signing security agreements, and building up its own military capability in an incremental way. Thus it transpires that the China factor is propelling a concert of democracies to come together to find common ground to make China a responsible stakeholder in the interest of peace and stability in Asia.