Following the imposition of sanctions by the United Nations Security Council on June 9 this year, the US Treasury Department has imposed its own more stringent sanctions on Iran on June 16. Meanwhile, US Congress are getting ready to enact bills passed by both houses, targeting Iran’s energy sector that will not only extend the existing 1996 Iran Sanctions Act (ISA), but are also aimed at targeting exports of refined petroleum products to Iran, the intention being to further cripple the Iranian economy. This article looks at the efficacy of the US sanctions and whether they will succeed in their endeavour.